In a significant shift in strategy to combat illegal small-scale mining, commonly known as galamsey, President John Dramani Mahama has instructed the national anti-galamsey task force to confiscate excavators and mining equipment instead of destroying them. This new directive aims to strike a balance between enforcing environmental protection laws and addressing the socio-economic realities of those involved in illegal mining.
A New Approach to Tackling Galamsey
President Mahama’s decision marks a departure from the previous approach, where excavators and other mining equipment were often set ablaze during anti-galamsey operations. While the burning of equipment was intended to serve as a deterrent, it drew criticism for being wasteful and failing to address the root causes of illegal mining.
Speaking after a meeting with members of the Christian Council at the Jubilee House on February 21, 2025, President Mahama emphasized the need for a more structured and sustainable approach to tackling galamsey. He acknowledged that small-scale mining is a legal activity in Ghana but stressed that it must be conducted responsibly to prevent environmental degradation.
The Scale of the Problem
Illegal mining has had a devastating impact on Ghana’s environment, particularly its forests and water bodies. President Mahama revealed that 43 out of the country’s 280 forest reserves have been affected by galamsey activities. The destruction of these reserves not only threatens biodiversity but also undermines efforts to combat climate change and protect vital ecosystems.
The President also highlighted the socio-economic dimensions of the issue, noting that approximately 1.8 million Ghanaians are engaged in small-scale mining. For many, this activity is a source of livelihood, making it a complex challenge that requires careful handling.
Recent Operations and Future Plans
President Mahama provided an update on recent anti-galamsey operations, including a successful intervention in the Tano Nimri Forest Reserve. During this operation, excavators and other mining equipment were removed, and illegal miners were evicted. However, the President acknowledged that some miners attempt to return to these sites after being cleared, necessitating a more robust enforcement strategy.
To address this, President Mahama announced the establishment of a mobile reinforcement team to support forestry officials in monitoring and protecting cleared areas. This team will be tasked with preventing the return of illegal miners and ensuring that forest reserves remain free from unauthorized activities.
Engaging Stakeholders for Sustainable Solutions
Recognizing the need for a holistic approach, President Mahama pledged to engage directly with small-scale miners to introduce more sustainable practices. He emphasized the importance of dialogue and collaboration in finding solutions that balance environmental preservation with the livelihoods of those dependent on mining.
“We must find a way to ensure that small-scale mining is done responsibly,” President Mahama stated. “This means working with miners to adopt practices that minimize environmental damage while allowing them to earn a living.”
A Shift in Enforcement Tactics
The directive to seize rather than burn excavators reflects a broader shift in the government’s approach to tackling galamsey. By confiscating equipment, the authorities can hold illegal miners accountable through legal channels, potentially recovering assets that can be repurposed or sold to fund environmental restoration efforts.
This approach also aligns with calls from environmental advocates and civil society organizations, who have long argued that destroying equipment is counterproductive. Instead, they have advocated for measures that address the underlying drivers of illegal mining, such as poverty, unemployment, and weak enforcement of regulations.
The Broader Implications
President Mahama’s new strategy has significant implications for Ghana’s fight against galamsey. By adopting a more nuanced approach, the government can address both the environmental and socio-economic aspects of the issue, paving the way for more sustainable solutions.
The decision to engage with small-scale miners is particularly noteworthy, as it recognizes the need to involve affected communities in the search for solutions. This participatory approach can help build trust and ensure that anti-galamsey measures are both effective and equitable.
Challenges Ahead
While the new strategy represents a positive step forward, it is not without challenges. Confiscating and managing seized equipment will require significant resources and coordination among various government agencies. Additionally, engaging with small-scale miners and promoting sustainable practices will take time and effort, particularly in areas where illegal mining is deeply entrenched.
There is also the risk of resistance from powerful interests involved in illegal mining, including those who finance and profit from these activities. Overcoming these challenges will require strong political will, effective enforcement, and sustained public support.
A Call for Collective Action
President Mahama’s announcement underscores the importance of collective action in addressing the galamsey crisis. While the government plays a central role, other stakeholders, including traditional leaders, civil society organizations, and the private sector, must also contribute to the effort.
Environmental advocacy groups, for example, can help raise awareness about the impact of illegal mining and mobilize communities to support sustainable practices. Similarly, the private sector can invest in alternative livelihoods and technologies that reduce the environmental footprint of mining activities.
Conclusion
President Mahama’s directive to seize rather than burn excavators marks a significant shift in Ghana’s approach to tackling illegal mining. By adopting a more structured and sustainable strategy, the government aims to balance environmental protection with the socio-economic realities of those involved in small-scale mining.
This new approach reflects a recognition of the complexity of the galamsey crisis and the need for solutions that address its root causes. As Ghana moves forward with this strategy, it will be crucial to ensure that enforcement measures are accompanied by efforts to engage stakeholders, promote sustainable practices, and provide alternative livelihoods for affected communities.
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