Paris Police Chief Laurent Nunez had said on Thursday that Saturday’s protest could not go ahead due to a risk of "disturbance to public order".
Nunez cited a lack of police available to ensure security at the event, after security forces were "strongly mobilized" during the riots and France’s annual July 14 Bastille Day celebrations.
NGOs, unions and left-wing parties reacted to the ban with anger.
“The police headquarters supported by judges from Paris’s administrative court are blocking all channels for the democratic expression of perfectly legitimate demands," said Lucie Simon, a lawyer representing the organisers of Saturday’s protest.
Following the court's ruling, the organisers cancelled the event hours before it was scheduled to go ahead.
Around 15 law enforcement vehicles were still present at Place de la République in anticipation of demonstrators, AFP journalists reported.
Pierre Brunisso, from French NGO the Human Rights League, said the situation in France was becoming “more and more repressive” with protesters increasingly feeling they need to be granted “permission” to demonstrate from the police prefecture.
Security forces ‘exhausted’
Speaking to the administrative court on Saturday morning, a representative from the police headquarters said the problem was "not the subject of the demonstration but the possibility that violent individuals" would attend.
He also cited the "low availability" of police to work at the event after a large-scale mobilisation of security forces on Thursday and Friday to monitor July 14 celebrations and during the nights of violent protests that followed the killing of Nahel M.
Some 10,000 police and gendarmes who worked on Thursday and Friday in Paris and in the inner suburbs are now on leave, meaning only "five units” are available over the weekend, an official from the public order and traffic department (DOPC) said.
The capital's police chief also banned a march in the Paris suburb of Val-d'Oise last week to honour the memory of Adama Traoré, who died shortly after his arrest by gendarmes in July 2016.
Police forces said they did not have enough staff to ensure security at the event.
"The police are exhausted," Nunez said at a hearing at the administrative court, which approved the ban.
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