Malaria is a life-threatening disease caused by parasites that are transmitted to humans through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. The parasites belong to the *Plasmodium genus*, with *Plasmodium falciparum* and *Plasmodium vivax* being the most common species causing malaria in humans. 

Symptoms of malaria typically include fever, chills, headache, nausea, vomiting, muscle pain, and fatigue. If left untreated, the infection can progress to severe malaria, which can cause serious health complications such as anemia, respiratory distress, *organ failure* , and even *death* .

Malaria is preventable and treatable. Preventive measures include using insecticide-treated mosquito nets, indoor residual spraying, and taking antimalarial medications when traveling to areas where malaria is prevalent(widespread). Treatment involves antimalarial drugs, with the choice of medication depending on the specific Plasmodium species and the severity of the infection.

HOW DOES LACK OF SANITATION LEADS TO MALARIA?

While lack of sanitation itself does not directly cause malaria, it can contribute to conditions that promote the breeding of Anopheles mosquitoes, which are the vectors of the disease. Here’s how poor sanitation can indirectly lead to an increased risk of malaria: