Infertility is a challenge many couples face, often without obvious symptoms until they begin trying to conceive. In women, one of the most common signs of infertility is irregular periods. The average menstrual cycle is about 28 days, though consistent cycles that vary by a few days are considered normal. However, when cycles fluctuate significantly, it could indicate hormonal imbalances or conditions like polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Both issues can impair a woman' s ability to conceive. Painful or heavy periods may signal endometriosis, a condition where tissue similar to the uterine lining grows outside the uterus, potentially causing infertility. Additionally, the complete absence of periods, known as amenorrhea, can result from various factors such as stress, excessive exercise or more serious hormonal disturbances.