In a major milestone for public health, Egypt has been certified malaria-free by the World Health Organization (WHO). This achievement underscores the country’s successful efforts in eliminating the deadly disease, making Egypt one of the few nations to achieve this status in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. The certification, granted in October 2024, recognizes Egypt’s sustained efforts to control malaria transmission for over a decade, with no indigenous cases reported since 2014.
Malaria, a mosquito-borne disease caused by Plasmodium parasites, has long plagued many parts of the world, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. It remains a significant cause of death and illness globally, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. In Egypt, malaria was once a serious public health concern, particularly in the southern and rural areas where transmission was highest due to proximity to water sources like the Nile.
The elimination process was not an overnight success. Egypt's battle against malaria dates back decades, with intensified efforts beginning in the 1960s. These efforts included improving access to healthcare in remote areas, educating communities about the risks and prevention methods, and implementing mosquito control strategies, such as insecticide-treated bed nets and widespread spraying of insecticides in affected regions.
A significant part of Egypt’s success has been its strong healthcare infrastructure, which enabled quick detection and treatment of imported malaria cases, preventing re-establishment of the disease. Surveillance systems were improved, ensuring that any suspected case of malaria was investigated and managed quickly. The Ministry of Health also worked closely with the WHO to ensure adherence to international protocols and mobilize resources for the anti-malaria campaign.
The WHO certification is a rigorous process, requiring proof that a country has had no indigenous malaria cases for at least three consecutive years, and that robust surveillance and prevention measures are in place to prevent a resurgence. Egypt’s success in meeting these criteria reflects its long-term commitment to fighting malaria and its ability to maintain a strong public health system.
WHO officials have lauded Egypt’s efforts, calling it a model for other countries in the region still grappling with malaria. As Egypt celebrates this milestone, the focus remains on vigilance to ensure the disease does not return, particularly in light of the continued threat of imported cases from neighboring countries.
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