Canker sores are small, painful ulcers that develop on the soft tissues inside the mouth, such as the inner cheeks, gums, tongue, or throat. Unlike cold sores, they are not contagious and typically heal on their own.
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Signs of Canker Sores
Visual Signs
1. Small, Round Ulcers:
Typically white or yellow in the center with a red border.
2. Size:
Minor sores are less than 1 cm; major sores can be larger.
3. Location:
Inside the mouth (cheeks, lips, tongue, or gums).
Symptoms
4. Pain or Discomfort:
Sharp pain, especially when eating, drinking, or speaking.
5. Burning or Tingling Sensation:
Felt before the sore appears.
6. Swollen, Red Tissue Around the Sore.
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Effects of Canker Sores
Short-Term Effects
1. Difficulty Eating or Drinking:
Pain can make it hard to consume certain foods or beverages.
2. Speech Discomfort:
Especially if sores are on the tongue or lips.
3. Oral Sensitivity:
Sensitivity to spicy, acidic, or salty foods.
4. Mild Fatigue:
Occasionally seen with large or multiple sores.
Rare or Severe Effects
5. Secondary Infections:
Bacteria or fungi infecting the ulcer.
6. Nutritional Deficiencies:
If eating is avoided due to pain.
7. Chronic Recurrence:
In individuals with underlying conditions like autoimmune diseases or deficiencies.
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Solutions for Canker Sores
Home Remedies
1. Saltwater Rinse:
Mix 1 teaspoon of salt in a glass of warm water and rinse to reduce inflammation.
2. Baking Soda Paste:
Apply a paste made of baking soda and water to neutralize acid and soothe the sore.
3. Honey:
Dab on the sore for its soothing and antibacterial properties.
4. Aloe Vera Gel:
Apply directly to reduce pain and promote healing.
Over-the-Counter Treatments
5. Topical Anesthetics:
Gels like benzocaine to numb pain.
6. Mouth Rinses:
Antimicrobial or steroid rinses to reduce inflammation.
7. Protective Patches:
Cover the sore to shield it from irritation.
Lifestyle Adjustments
8. Avoid Irritating Foods:
Stay away from spicy, acidic, or salty foods.
9. Practice Good Oral Hygiene:
Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and non-irritating toothpaste.
10. Hydration:
Drink plenty of water to keep the mouth moist.
Medical Interventions
11. Prescription Medications:
Corticosteroids or stronger topical agents for severe cases.
12. Nutritional Supplements:
If caused by deficiencies in iron, vitamin B12, or folate.
13. Laser Therapy:
Can speed up healing in chronic or recurrent cases.
Preventive Measures
14. Identify Triggers:
Avoid foods, stress, or habits (like biting cheeks) that cause ulcers.
15. Manage Stress:
Relaxation techniques like yoga or meditation to reduce frequency.
When to See a Doctor
16. Persistent Sores:
Lasting more than two weeks.
17. Large or Severe Sores:
Causing extreme pain or difficulty eating.
18. Frequent Recurrences:
More than 3–4 times a year.
19. Other Symptoms:
Fever, fatigue, or sores spreading outside the mouth.
Canker sores are usually self-limiting and heal within 7–14 days. Proper care can significantly reduce pain and speed up recovery.
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