Overview
Information refers to processed data and data refers to raw facts(undeniable truth about something or someone) before data can become information it needs to undergo certain processes before it can become information. These processes that data undergo to become information and to be stored and distributed are referred to as the information processing cycle.
Information Processing Cycle
The Information Processing Cycle refers to the sequence/series of events in the processing of information, which includes the input, processing, output, and storage. these stages are known as the 4 main stages of data processing (IPOS), but after these stages, other users might want to get access to the already processed data that is where the 5th stage which is distribution/communication comes to play. the stages are outlined below
Input stage
The input stage is the stage in which data is fed into the computer. this is done with the help of devices called the input device. the ears found on the human body is a classical example of an input device. it takes in data in the form of sounds which can be equated to that of the microphone in a technological sense. examples of these input devices are outlined below:
i. keyboards: the most commonly used input device which is used in entering characters, text numbers, etc. into the computer
ii. mouse: pointing devices used in clicking and dragging of items on the computer
iii. light/stylus pen: used in drawing and painting on computer screens
iv. scanner: used in changing hardcopy formats into softcopies. can be pictures or text
picture scanning 
text scanning
v. microphone: used in entering voice or speech data into computer systems
some other examples are the barcode reader, touchpad touchscreen, joystick, etc.
Processing stage
This is the stage where data is manipulated based on information stored in the memory of the computer into information. information on the computer's memory aids in the analysis of the data that has been input in the computer and decides what to do with that data. if you don't have any knowledge of how to cut and steam chicken to fry it when you're given fresh chicken how will you process it to fry it. but if you have knowledge of how to do it, it becomes easy and the finished product is awesome. that is how the computer works. it has some information stored in its memory to help it process the input fed into it. the processing of such data is done by what we call processing devices. some examples of processing devices are outlined below:
(CPU) Central Processing Unit 
Sound card
Motherboard 
Network card
VPU(Voice Processing Unit) 
GPU
continued......
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